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Serum Enterolactone Concentration Is Not Associated with Prostate Cancer Risk in a Nested Case-Control Study

¹ National Public Health Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Helsinki, Finland; ² Institute for Preventive Medicine, Nutrition, and Cancer, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland; ³ Division of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; and ⁴ National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, Maryland

The lignan enterolactone, produced by the intestinal microflora from dietary precursors, has been hypothesized to protect against hormone-dependent cancers and cardiovascular diseases. We conducted a nested case-control study to examine the relationship between serum enterolactone concentration and prostate cancer. Enterolactone concentrations were measured by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay in serum collected at baseline in the -Tocopherol, ß-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study from 214 men with prostate cancer diagnosed during a 6-year follow-up and from 214 controls matched by age, date of baseline blood collection, intervention group, and local study area. Mean serum enterolactone concentration (in nmol/liter) did not differ significantly between case and control subjects [15.9 (SD, 15.2) versus 16.9 (SD, 14.9), respectively (P = 0.42)]. Odds ratios for prostate cancer risk estimated by conditional logistic regression for increasing quartiles of enterolactone concentration were 1.00 (referent), 0.72 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.43–1.23], 0.98 (95% CI, 0.58–1.68), and 0.71 (95% CI, 0.42–1.21). Our findings do not support the hypothesis that enterolactone is involved in the development of prostate cancer.

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