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Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention Vol. 11, 23-27, January 2002
© 2002 American Association for Cancer Research

Polymorphism of the DNA Repair Gene XRCC1 and Risk of Primary Lung Cancer1

Jae Yong Park2, Su Yeon Lee, Hyo-Sung Jeon, Nack Chun Bae, Sang Chul Chae, Soyoung Joo, Chang Ho Kim, Jae-Ho Park, Sin Kam, In San Kim and Tae Hoon Jung

Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Samduk 2ga 50, Taegu, 700-412 [J. Y. P., N. C. B., S. C. C., C. H. K., T. H. J.]; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dongsan Dong 194, Taegu, 700-712 [J-H. P.]; and Cancer Research Institute [J. Y. P., S. Y. L., S. J.], Departments of Biochemistry [H-S. J., I. S. K.] and Preventive Medicine [S. K.], School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Dong In 2Ga 101, Taegu, 700-422, Korea

DNA repair plays a critical role in protecting the genome of the cell from insults of cancer-causing agents, such as those found in tobacco smoke. Reduced DNA repair capacity, therefore, can increase the susceptibility to smoking-related cancers. Recently, three coding polymorphisms in X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) DNA repair gene have been identified, and it is possible that these polymorphisms may affect DNA repair capacity and thus modulate cancer susceptibility. We investigated the relationship between the codon 399 polymorphism in XRCC1 gene and lung cancer risk in male smokers. The study population consisted of 192 lung cancer patients and 135 healthy controls. The distribution of XRCC1 genotypes was not significantly different between cases and controls. When the cases were categorized by histological type, however, the presence of at least one Gln allele was associated with a significant increased risk for squamous cell carcinoma [crude odds ratio (OR) = 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.06–2.93 and adjusted OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 0.99–2.79]. The risk for the disease increased as the number of Gln alleles increased (Arg/Gln genotype: adjusted OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 0.84–2.5; Gln/Gln genotype: adjusted OR = 3.26, 95% CI = 1.17–9.15). When the subjects dichotomized by cigarette consumption into two pack-year groups (<=40 pack-years, >40 pack-years), the Gln allele was associated with an increased risk for squamous cell carcinoma only in the group of individuals having <=40 pack-years of smoking (Arg/Gln genotype: adjusted OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 0.78–2.8; Gln/Gln genotype: adjusted OR = 5.75, 95% CI = 1.46–22.69). These results suggest that XRCC1 codon 399 polymorphism may be an important genetic determinant of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung in persons with lower degrees of cigarette use.




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Molecular Cancer Research Cancer Prevention Research
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Copyright © 2002 by the American Association for Cancer Research.